Different Ways of Storing the Data Read by a Rest Api

PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source object-relational database system. Information technology has more than than 15 years of the active development phase and a proven architecture that has earned it a potent reputation for reliability, data integrity, and correctness. PostgreSQL Balance API connexion allows to create Restful applications with PostgreSQL as a database.

A Rest API (also known equally RESTful API) is an awarding programming interface (API or web API) . The API follows the constraints of REST architectural manner and allows for interaction with RESTful web services. Residue stands for representational land transfer.

This commodity gives ii methods for PostgreSQL REST API connexion.

Tabular array of Contents

Introduction to REST API
Introduction to PostgreSQL
Introduction to CRUD API
PostgreSQL Rest API Connection
Conclusion

Introduction to REST API

PostgreSQL REST API: Rest API — Image Source: www.rlogical.com

Balance API is besides known as RESTful API. Residual is an acronym for Representational Country Transfer. REST is designed in such a way that it tin be used over nearly whatsoever protocol, information technology usually takes advantage of HTTP when used for Web APIs. This allows developers to utilize the resources without needing to install libraries or additional software in guild to accept advantage of a REST API design. It is notable for its incredible layer of flexibility. Since data is not tied to methods and resource, REST has the ability to handle multiple types of calls, return unlike data formats and even change structurally with the correct implementation of hypermedia.

This freedom and flexibility inherent in Residue API pattern allow you to build an API that meets your needs while also coming together the needs of very diverse customers. However, there are drawbacks to Remainder API design. You can lose the ability to maintain state in REST, such equally within sessions, and it tin exist more difficult for newer developers to employ. PostgreSQL REST API connection allows for a better interface to connect application to database.

REST API Design

Client-Server

The client-server constraint works on the concept that the client and the server should be split from each other and immune to evolve individually and independently.

Stateless

Rest APIs are stateless, significant that calls can exist made independently of one some other, and each phone call contains all of the data necessary to complete itself successfully. A Remainder API should not rely on data being stored on the server or sessions to determine what to do with a phone call, merely rather solely rely on the data that is provided in that call itself.

Cache

A stateless API tin can increase asking overhead by treatment large loads of incoming and outbound calls, a REST API should be designed to encourage the storage of cacheable information.

Uniform Interface

The key to the decoupling customer from the server is having a uniform interface that allows independent evolution of the awarding without having the application's services, models, or deportment tightly coupled to the API layer itself. The uniform interface lets the client talk to the server in a unmarried language, independent of the architectural backend of either.

Layered Organization

Every bit the proper name implies, a layered system is a system comprised of layers, with each layer having a specific functionality and responsibility. A layered system lets you encapsulate legacy systems and move less ordinarily accessed functionality to a shared intermediary while as well shielding more modern and commonly used components from them.

Code on Need

Code on Demand allows for code or applets to be transmitted via the API for use within the application. In essence, it creates a smart application that is no longer solely dependent on its own code structure.

Together, these constraints brand upwardly the theory of Representational State Transfer, or REST. These constraints make up a blueprint that operates similarly to how nosotros access pages in our browsers on the Www. It creates an API that is not dictated by its architecture, but by the representations.

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Introduction to PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL REST API: PostgreSQL — Prototype Source: images.g2crowd.com

PostgreSQL is an open up-source relational database management system (DBMS) developed past a worldwide team of volunteers. PostgreSQL is not controlled by whatever corporation or other private entity and the source code is available free of accuse. PostgreSQL is an avant-garde, enterprise-form, and open-source relational database system. PostgreSQL supports both SQL (relational) and JSON (non-relational) querying.

PostgreSQL is a highly stable database backed past more than 20 years of development by the open-source customs. PostgreSQL is used equally a master database for many web applications likewise as mobile and analytics applications. PostgreSQL REST API connection allows for ameliorate utilization of database.

Common Use cases of PostgreSQL

The following are the common use cases of PostgreSQL.

A robust database in the LAPP stack

LAPP stands for Linux, Apache, PostgreSQL, and PHP (or Python and Perl). PostgreSQL is primarily used as a robust dorsum-end database that powers many dynamic websites and spider web applications.

General purpose transaction database

Large corporations and startups alike utilize PostgreSQL every bit master databases to back up their applications and products.

Geospatial database

PostgreSQL with the PostGIS extension supports geospatial databases for geographic information systems (GIS).

Primal Features of PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL runs on all major operating systems, including Linux, UNIX (AIX, BSD, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, Mac Bone X, Solaris, Tru64), and Windows. Information technology supports text, images, sounds, and video, and includes programming interfaces for C / C++, Java, Perl, Python, Ruby, Tcl, and Open up Database Connectivity (ODBC).

PostgreSQL supports a large part of the SQL standard and offers many modern features including the post-obit −

Complex SQL queries
SQL Sub-selects
Foreign keys
Trigger
Views
Transactions
Multiversion concurrency command (MVCC)
Streaming Replication (as of 9.0)
Hot Standby (every bit of ix.0)

Procedural Languages Support

PostgreSQL supports four standard procedural languages, which allows the users to write their own lawmaking in any of the languages and it can exist executed past PostgreSQL database server. These procedural languages are – PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, and PL/Python. Besides, other non-standard procedural languages similar PL/PHP, PL/V8, PL/Ruby, PL/Coffee, etc., are besides supported.

Acquire more almost PostgreSQL.

Introduction to Grime API

PostgreSQL REST API: CRUD API — Paradigm Source:fiverr-res.cloudinary.com

When building an API, you want your model to provide four bones functionalities: information technology should be able to create, read, update, and delete resources. This fix of essential operations is usually referred to equally CRUD.

RESTful APIs about ordinarily utilize HTTP requests. 4 of the most common HTTP methods in a REST environs are GET, Mail service, PUT, and DELETE, which are the methods by which a developer tin can create a Crud system.

Hither's how to apply CRUD in a REST environment:

Create — To create a resource in a Residue environment, utilize the HTTP POST method
Read — To read a resource, apply the Get method. Reading a resource retrieves data without altering it
Update — To update a resource, use the PUT method
Delete — To remove a resource from the arrangement, utilize the DELETE method

PostgreSQL Balance API Connection

Image Source: postgrest.org

PostgreSQL REST API connectedness allows for better spider web and application platforms that tin can utilise PostgreSQL as a destination. Remainder API allows to generate a interface for seamless usage of PostgreSQL with the application.

Method 1: Using Javascript for CRUD operations

We're going to create six functions for six routes that would perform PostgreSQL Balance API connection.

First, create all the functions for each road. So, export the functions and so they're accessible:

GET — / | displayHome()
GET — /users | getUsers()
Become — /users/:id | getUserById()
POST — users | createUser()
PUT — /users/:id | updateUser()
DELETE — /users/:id | deleteUser()

In index.js, we made an app.go() for the root endpoint with a function in information technology. Now in queries.js, nosotros'll create endpoints that will display all users, brandish a single user, create a new user, update an existing user, and delete a user.

GET all users

Our beginning endpoint for PostgreSQL Residue API will be a Get asking. Inside the pool.query() we can put the raw SQL that will touch on the PostgreSQL REST API database. We'll SELECT all users and society past id.

          const getUsers = (asking, response) => {   puddle.query('SELECT * FROM users Guild By id ASC', (error, results) => {     if (error) {       throw error     }     response.condition(200).json(results.rows)   }) }

GET a single user by ID

For our /users/:id request, we'll be getting the custom id parameter by the URL and using a WHERE clause to display the result.

          const getUserById = (request, response) => {   const id = parseInt(request.params.id)    pool.query('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $1', [id], (mistake, results) => {     if (error) {       throw error     }     response.status(200).json(results.rows)   }) }

Post a new user

The PostgreSQL REST API will take a GET and POST asking to the /users endpoint. In the POST request, we'll exist adding a new user. In this office, we're extracting the name and email backdrop from the request body, and INSERTing the values.

          const createUser = (request, response) => {   const { name, e-mail } = request.torso    pool.query('INSERT INTO users (name, electronic mail) VALUES ($i, $2)', [name, email], (error, results) => {     if (fault) {       throw mistake     }     response.status(201).send(`User added with ID: ${result.insertId}`)   }) }

PUT updated data in an existing user

The /users/:id endpoint will also take two HTTP requests — the GET we created for getUserById, and also a PUT, to modify an existing user. For this query, we'll combine what we learned in GET and Mail to apply the UPDATE clause.

It is worth noting that PUT is idempotent, meaning the verbal aforementioned call can be made over and over and will produce the same consequence. This is different than POST, in which the exact same call repeated will continuously make new users with the same information.

          const updateUser = (request, response) => {   const id = parseInt(request.params.id)   const { proper name, e-mail } = request.trunk    pool.query(     'UPDATE users Gear up name = $1, e-mail = $2 WHERE id = $3',     [name, email, id],     (fault, results) => {       if (error) {         throw error       }       response.status(200).ship(`User modified with ID: ${id}`)     }   ) }

DELETE a user

Finally, we'll use the DELETE clause on /users/:id to delete a specific user by id. This call is very like to our getUserById() function.

          const deleteUser = (request, response) => {   const id = parseInt(request.params.id)    pool.query('DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $i', [id], (mistake, results) => {     if (error) {       throw error     }     response.condition(200).send(`User deleted with ID: ${id}`)   }) }

Exporting Crud functions in a PostgreSQL Residual API

To access these functions from index.js, we'll need to export them. We can practise this with module.exports, creating an object of functions. Since we're using ES6 syntax, we can write getUsers instead of getUsers:getUsers, and so on.

          module.exports = {   getUsers,   getUserById,   createUser,   updateUser,   deleteUser, }

Here is our consummate queries.js file.

          const Pool = require('pg').Pool const pool = new Pool({   user: 'me',   host: 'localhost',   database: 'api',   countersign: 'countersign',   port: 5432, }) const getUsers = (asking, response) => {   pool.query('SELECT * FROM users Social club BY id ASC', (fault, results) => {     if (error) {       throw error     }     response.status(200).json(results.rows)   }) }  const getUserById = (request, response) => {   const id = parseInt(request.params.id)    puddle.query('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $1', [id], (fault, results) => {     if (error) {       throw mistake     }     response.condition(200).json(results.rows)   }) }  const createUser = (request, response) => {   const { name, electronic mail } = asking.body    pool.query('INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ($1, $2)', [name, email], (mistake, results) => {     if (mistake) {       throw error     }     response.condition(201).send(`User added with ID: ${result.insertId}`)   }) }  const updateUser = (request, response) => {   const id = parseInt(request.params.id)   const { name, electronic mail } = request.body    pool.query(     'UPDATE users SET name = $1, e-mail = $2 WHERE id = $3',     [name, email, id],     (fault, results) => {       if (error) {         throw error       }       response.status(200).send(`User modified with ID: ${id}`)     }   ) }  const deleteUser = (asking, response) => {   const id = parseInt(request.params.id)    pool.query('DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1', [id], (error, results) => {     if (error) {       throw error     }     response.status(200).send(`User deleted with ID: ${id}`)   }) }  module.exports = {   getUsers,   getUserById,   createUser,   updateUser,   deleteUser, }

Setting up Grime functions in a Residue API

Now that we accept all of our queries, the terminal thing we need to do is pull them into the alphabetize.js file and make endpoint routes for all the query functions we created.

To go all the exported functions from queries.js, we'll require the file and assign information technology to a variable.

          const db = require('./queries')

Now for each endpoint, nosotros'll set the HTTP request method, the endpoint URL path, and the relevant role.

          app.get('/users', db.getUsers) app.go('/users/:id', db.getUserById) app.post('/users', db.createUser) app.put('/users/:id', db.updateUser) app.delete('/users/:id', db.deleteUser) Here is our consummate alphabetize.js, the entry point of the API server. const express = require('express') const bodyParser = require('body-parser') const app = express() const db = require('./queries') const port = 3000  app.use(bodyParser.json()) app.use(   bodyParser.urlencoded({     extended: true,   }) )  app.go('/', (asking, response) => {   response.json({ info: 'Node.js, Limited, and Postgres API' }) })  app.become('/users', db.getUsers) app.get('/users/:id', db.getUserById) app.mail('/users', db.createUser) app.put('/users/:id', db.updateUser) app.delete('/users/:id', db.deleteUser)  app.mind(port, () => {   panel.log(`App running on port ${port}.`) })

Method 2: using RAPID RESTful API for PostgreSQL REST API

Requirements:

OS: Linux, Windows
NodeJS
OpenSSL should be installed before in social club to allow the server to create information technology's first self-signed SSL document.
Tested with Posgresql nine.three and upward
Linux – set your calculator to have opening lower ports without root admission for NodeJs (80/443), side by side code works for Ubuntu 14.

          sudo apt-get install libcap2-bin sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service=+ep /usr/local/bin/node

INSTALLATION ( install local is required –save)

          npm install psql-api --relieve

sample new server.js lawmaking:

          server = require("psql-api"); server.offset();

Install from git every bit standalone server:

          git clone https://github.com/QBisConsult/psql-api.git

Run this inside the new server folder:

          sudo npm install

Run the server with:

          node starting time.js

This server will open 2 ports, one for administration on HTTPS (443) and another for PostgreSQL Residual API requests.

The server can exist managed at:

Information technology will apply a self-signed SSL certificate generated at the first first until you will provide an authorized ane or alter with your own.

If OpenSSL can non be found, yous will demand to provide an SSL certificate otherwise the server will non first. Put the certificate into the "SSL" folder equally service.crt and service.key files. The SSL certificate is a PEM encoded crt file.

You can change the server port and protocol (HTTP/HTTPS) for PostgreSQL Residuum API access from settings page.

PostgreSQL REST API implements all Grime operations (CREATE, READ, UPDATE, DELETE). PostgreSQL REST API automatically imports the database construction and creates metadata of your database. Single bespeak access, have POST/PUT/Go/DELETE HTTP methods and respond with a JSON data object.

Basic operations can be used from the start:

          CREATE - insert records READ - read one record by ID UPDATE - update 1 record DELETE - delete one tape

The servers accept a batch of different commands at once and use transactions by default.

Inject your code BEFORE and AFTER operations in order to customize admission to each action.

Direction of the database structure requires a third-political party application like pgAdmin or others. This PostgreSQL Balance API server will check requests earlier sending them to the database against metadata created at the first in order to avoid unnecessary traffic with the database server, the server will demand to update its metadata if database changes occur. This PostgreSQL REST API server will non modify the database structures and information technology is no plan to practise that in the future.

PostgreSQL REST API server tin can exist used to offer Spider web services for various kind of applications and devices over HTTP/HTTPS protocol similar WEB, mobile or IoT applications that consumes Web services.

Decision

This article gave a comprehensive guide most Balance API, PostgreSQL. It as well gave two methods that can be used PostgreSQL Balance API connection.

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